Business Plan about Customer Service

Collin MacGibson, President of On-Time Technology Products, recently returned from a Manufacturing Technology Conference in downtown Chicago. As a result of talking with leaders of other companies, he is now considering establishing a tiered service system, an idea he shared with Mary Graff. Proposed Tiered Service Plan Mr. MacGibsons basic thought is to reward their B2B customers who give On -Time Technology Products $100,000 worth of business an end-of-year thank you payment that reflects a 5% discount on all yearly purchases. In addition, those customers would receive a commitment to next-day turnaround time on the resolution of all customer service problems. Moreover, the customers who purchase $500,000 or more annually would receive a 10% discount and free delivery. The average B2B sale is $25,000. As a CSR, what is your initial reaction to this new-tiered service plan by Mr. MacGibson, and what would be some advantages/ disadvantages of going to a tiered service approach at On -Time Technology Products? Would there be a risk of losing some of your smaller clients by using this approach? Current Service Plan at OTTP Provide all customers, regardless on the amount of their purchase, frequency of purchase or dollar amount spent per year the same special attention. Our theory at OTTP is that a customer who makes a small purchase today might make a large purchase tomorrow. All of our customers receive the same price, convenience, and service. Introduction In today’s competitive world, the customer’s expectations have grown by leaps and bounds, in order to add new customers and retain existing customers, companies are offering low cost and high quality products moreover the competitive market is making them give additional offers to the customer which may be in the form of an additional service, a gift or a discount etc.. It is also important for the customer, on the other hand to evaluate and find out if the glossy offer given to him really makes any business sense or is just a business stunt. In this paper we will see based on the case study that how with Mr. Macgibson’s new scheme impact the customers in terms of sales and loyalty. A new-tiered service plan by Mr. MacGibson: The reaction The introduction of a tiered service plan will be a new introduction for all the existing customers and therefore they will evaluate this feature from their point of view i.e. keeping in mind the kind of business they give On-Time Technology Products hence the initial reaction may have a mixed response, where few will welcome this policy their might be others who may not appreciate the same, considering that the scheme is not independent of the revenue generated and the discount provided is directly proportional to the   business given (Dollars per-annum). It will be reasonable to speculate the possibility of business gains as the procurement department will definitely find this valuable for any enterprise and there for there is a chance that just in case there are multiple service providers serving the company, they might just want to reallocate all their business to On-Time Technology Products considering the new package which is being offered however their might be other flip sides to the same. Advantages and Disadvantages of going to a tiered service approach at On -Time Technology Products The evaluation of any new scheme, product or service is done taken in mind the customer’s perspective and with multiple customers being service, there is always a mixed reaction from them, hence it is good to think about the advantages and disadvantages of any new introduction. Before we talk about the advantages and disadvantages we must observe the fact that the discount of 5% and 10% are available to the customer giving an annual business of above $1,00,000 and $5,00,000 respectively, but the average customers are at $25,000 as of now. If we talk about the advantages there might be a few customer spread across different service providers who will decide to switch to OTTP in order to reach the total amount that makes them eligible for a discount, similarly the customers eligible of 5% discount might just raise the business in order to be eligible for the tier 2 discount. Secondly, this may also help to add new customers who are looking for a better and cheaper service and a word of mouth or corporate referral can help them to learn about the tier based system and that will help to produce further attraction. Moving on to the disadvantages, at first if we look at the average sales we will realize that the most of the customers will not get any benefit out of this new tiered system and therefore they might be a sudden disappointment due to this in few customers which may lead to customer attrition as there is a chance that the scale of those customers is not that big that they can generate the desired business for OTT P, secondly this will go against both the service4 plan and Theory of OTTP, as the treatment will now be based on the basis of dollar impact and can be considered as biased by the customers generating lesser revenue. Risk of losing some of your smaller clients by using this approach: Analyze As talked in the other sections above, there is a definite risk of some small clients, taking a step back as they might now thing that the services are being provided in a biased manner and that the theory of giving similar cost and service to all the clients is no more valued and therefore either they may decide to switch immediately or slowly detach themselves taking the business elsewhere. There fore we cannot deny from the possibility of loosing a few customers in case if we apply this approach.

How Did The U.s. Expand Westward And What Was Its Impact...

PURPOSE 1 Question: How did the U.S. expand westward and what was its impact on Native Americans? Answer: The United States began expanding westward during the 1800s. During the early 1800s, America turned its attention towards the exploration and settlement of its Western territory. The amount of land had been greatly increased by the Louisiana Purchase of 1803, which almost doubled the size of the nation. Later on, the size of the United States increased yet again with the Mexican Cession and the Gadsden Purchase. From these, the United States gained California, Nevada, Utah, Texas, and parts of Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, and Wyoming. Settlers swept westward, encouraged by the federal government. The government created the Homestead Act, which offered 160 acres of cheap land in the West under the condition that the settlers had to work the land for 5 years. As the Western territories became more and more developed, Native Americans and their culture were slowly destroyed through laws such as the Indian Removal Act and the Dawes Act. Native Americans were forced onto small r eservations and their children were then forcibly assimilated into white American culture in order to make room for the white settlers. PURPOSE 2 Question: Why did nations desire to expand and gain power through imperialism? Answer: There were many philosophies about the way that America should interact with other countries. Some people felt that America should remain isolationist, avoidingShow MoreRelatedManifest Destiny Essay1433 Words   |  6 PagesDestiny Westward expansion was a key component that shaped the United States not only geographically, but economically as well. The first sign of any expansion West from the original states was when Thomas Jefferson bought the Louisiana Purchase from France in 1803. The country was in need of new land in order to accommodate for the expanding population. Once the country started to expand, its power soon followed. The nation had a struggle with expanding because of the Native Americans already livingRead MoreTransportation Revolution During The Civil War Essay1617 Words   |  7 PagesRevolution The Antebellum period is known as the period before the Civil War. However, it is described as the periods between the War of 1812 and the Civil War. The word e â€Å"antebellum,† means before the war, and â€Å"reform,† means the improvement of what is wrong. The Antebellum period made transportation more efficient for people who traveled. The Transportation Revolution provided several new, reliable, safe and cost-effective ways to travel to different parts of the nation, including new land inRead MoreJohn O Sulliv Manifest Destiny1779 Words   |  8 PagesMon-Wed 11:10-12:30 Effects of Manifest Destiny Conquering this new foreign land was the plan for English settlers that sailed here and landed on to the eastern coast of America. After many years had passed, John O Sullivan, a democratic leader, named this progressive movement Manifest destiny in 1845. The term Manifest Destiny originated in the 1840s. It expressed the belief that it was US Americans mission to expand their civilization and institutions across the breadth of North America. ManifestRead MoreKmad2532 Words   |  11 Pages  Ã‚  the  Ã‚  federal  Ã‚  government  Ã‚  promoted  Ã‚  westward  Ã‚  expansion  Ã‚  in  Ã‚  a variety  of  ways.  Ã‚  This  expansion  changed  the  shape  and  character  of  the  country. Task:  Ã‚  Using  Ã‚  information  Ã‚  from  Ã‚  the  Ã‚  documents  Ã‚  and  Ã‚  your  Ã‚  knowledge  Ã‚  of  Ã‚  United  Ã‚  States history,  answer  the  questions  that  follow  each  document  in  Part  A.  Ã‚  Your  answers  to the  questions  will  help  write  the  Part  B  essay  in  which  you  will  be  asked  to  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Describe  the  actions  taken  by  the  federal  government  that  led  to  westward expansion  during  the  1800s Read MoreEssay about The Industrial Revolution in America1118 Words   |  5 PagesAmerica has been expanding and growing since its birth out of Great Britain. The Industrial Revolution has been an influence in the American life since it first began in the 1700s. Many of the effects resulting from the revolution still affect America to this day. The entrepreneurs of this time and their industry still are around, although they have molded and shaped themselves into better products their still known from the originality of it all. Although the Industrial Revolution began hundredsRead MoreAP US essay1815 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿Step 1: State Your Argument Based on your existing knowledge of American Indian–colonial relations in North America, write an argument to use as the basis of your research. The French experienced the best relationship with the natives as they were very cooperative with the Natives, peacefully tried to convert them and married Native women and integrated with them. The Spanish came behind the French as they integrated with them as well however they were much more violent in exploiting them for resourcesRead MoreThe Treatment Of Indians By The French And Indians Essay2006 Words   |  9 PagesPromises The treatment of Indians by the French in Canada and English in Massachusetts was dramatic. The French had proceeded there way to North America and arrived in the 1500’s and was interested in establishing trading posts. There were settlements on St. Lawrence River that came to the point as a serving (as a base from which to invade and conquer the kingdom of Saguenay). The trade between the French and Indians was a development from these enterprises in trading military forts. There were many itemsRead MoreNative Americans During The World Today2319 Words   |  10 PagesIn the world today, many are cognizant of the injustices faced by Native Americans as a result of the westward expansion of white settlers. Nevertheless, one incident in the antiquity of White-Indian interactions is, in many ways, distinct, and founds one of the nation’s shadiest moments: the aggressive and forced removal of thousands of Cherokee peoples from their ancestral birthplace in the Southern h ighlands of Georgia from 1838 to 1839. Known today as â€Å"The Trail of Tears,† following their evictionRead MoreThe War of 1812 and Its Effects on American Nationalism2077 Words   |  9 Pagesevolution and ripening of American nationalism, unification, and economic prowess. The war of 1812 was a very problematic war. States did not fulfill their duties, while commanders and leaders were not informed or supplied enough to keep up the war. But what awakened during this time and afterwards is something much greater then victory. The war wasnt just about Britain holding land and impressing American sailors into their navy; it was a second war of independence. It was the first war as a unitedRead MoreEssay about The War Of 1812 And Its Effects On American Nationalism2060 Words   |  9 Pagesevolution and ripening of American nationalism, unification, and economic prowess. The war of 1812 was a very problematic war. States did not fulfill their duties, while commanders and leaders were not informed or supplied enough to keep up the war. But what awakened during this time and afterwards is something much greater then victory. The war wasn’t just about Britain holding land and impressing American sailors into their navy; it was a second war of independence. It was the first war as a united

Buddhist protestant Free Essays

At first glance, the Protestant and Buddhist religions do not appear to have much in common. However, some of the rituals observed in one have parallel rituals observed in the other. At the structural level, there are more comparisons than contrasts to be made. We will write a custom essay sample on Buddhist protestant or any similar topic only for you Order Now If the view is expanded to include the followers of each religion, however, many more contrasts than comparisons can be observed. It is the people, the Protestants and the Buddhists, that make the religions different, due to teachings that cannot necessarily be observed. The customs of each religion will be detailed, and the similarities and differences made clear, in the essay that follows. This particular Sunday morning Protestant service begins at nine o’ clock, though the schedule is far from rigid. Members of the congregation are milling happily about, most wearing smiles that are wide and bright. Some of them spot me as a newcomer as soon as I step through the doorway, and they rush to shake my hand and introduce themselves. (One of these is Tobias Scouten, who agrees to be interviewed for this essay. ) Protestants in this particular church, and this may be the same everywhere, are always welcoming new members. This is evidenced almost immediately after the service begins. The room, which Scouten calls â€Å"the sanctuary,† is dimly lit, except for the stage. Three spotlights illuminate the entire stage. There are candles burning on either side, but the dominant aromas are carpet cleaner and the various mingled odors of the people filling the room. After a few songs, which are sung with great enthusiasm by the entire congregation, the preacher takes the stage. His smile is perhaps brightest of all, and he makes a point of welcoming any visitors who might be in the audience. (There are no pews in this sanctuary; the worshippers are seated in cushioned chairs, which are arranged in long rows. ) He then offers up the microphone to anyone who has a â€Å"testimony† to share. Testimonies, in this context, means a story in which congregation members spread the letter or the spirit of the message. Examples shared this morning include a few bags of groceries purchased for a needy family, an invitation extended to a despairing nonbeliever, and a night spent in prayer over a friend’s sick father. The congregation encourages these stories with calls of â€Å"Amen† and â€Å"Praise Jesus. † In this way, individual church members are rewarded, if with nothing more than the acclaim of their peers, for helping the Protestant faith as a whole to grow. The testimonies are followed by a musical performance. A young man and a young woman take the stage, the former holding a cordless microphone and the latter wearing an acoustic guitar. While they sing, the congregation sits back and listens, though a few scattered â€Å"Amen† calls can be heard at crucial moments in the lyrics. When the pastor returns to the stage, he reads from the Bible. He pauses during this reading to clarify certain points, bringing the ancient writing into more current context. After the reading, he relates an family anecdote, which in the end returns to the theme (this week, the church is focusing on â€Å"forgiveness†) discussed in the Bible passage. This is the only time during the service that everyone in the audience is quiet. All eyes are on the pastor as he walks up and down the stage, speaking through a headset microphone. His pacing is matched to the tone of his voice; when his volume increases, so does the length of his stride. Upon speaking the final words of his sermon, he allows full silence to descend on the congregation for a full five seconds before requesting everyone bow their heads in prayer. There is another song, again sung by the entire congregation, and the service comes to a close. No one appears to be in much of a hurry to leave the sanctuary. Many of the worshippers turn to each other and recommence the mingling in which they had been indulging before the service began. At this point, Tobias Scouten escorts me out of the sanctuary and into what he terms â€Å"the fellowship hall† for coffee and cookies. We seat ourselves at one of the many tables, and he fills in the blanks for me. The information Mr. Scouten provides will be put to use when the Protestant practice is compared with the Buddhist practice, following the explanation of the latter. A small group of people, â€Å"fifty or so, on a good day,† according to Abbot Bai Tue, comes together at nine o’ clock on Saturday mornings for an English-language Zen service. The temple is a modest building, which consists of one large meeting room—called the â€Å"Zendo†Ã¢â‚¬â€and a few smaller rooms. Among these lesser chambers, the Abbot has an office, a bathroom, and a kitchenette. Upon entering the building, it is required that I remove my shoes. In a coatroom just inside the front door, every pair of shoes is stowed in a separate cubby. Not many of the cubbies are used, either because the temple does not attract a large group of regulars or because more people choose to attend the Sunday morning Japanese-language service. As it is, I am joined with less than twenty people in the temple. These people are dressed casually, in comfortable clothes, to make seated meditation more peaceful. As I will be told later, it is requested that people wear clothes that will not make much noise when the wearer moves, as this might be distracting during the meditation period. The dominant aroma here is one of incense, though the exact scent is unknown. Behind where the Abbot sits, a display consisting of a small Boddhisatva statue, a cup of incense sticks, and several burning sticks which are poking out of the base of the statue. The Zendo itself looks to be all natural wood, without much—if any—paint on the walls or ceiling. As the Abbot will tell me later, the sight of natural wood calms those who come to the temple to meditate; it â€Å"allows them to feel surrounded by nature,† even while they are inside the building. No one says a word while they set up for the service. Cushions are retrieved from a closet off the main room for everyone to sit on, for there are no chairs. â€Å"Silence,† the Abbot will tell me, â€Å"is required in the Zendo. † The temple’s attendance might be small, but this matters little to those who do come regularly. They do not come to meet with the other members of the â€Å"Sangha†Ã¢â‚¬â€meaning the group—they come to experience something within themselves. The service begins with the ringing of a smell bell and a chanting ritual, alternating between the Abbot and the Sangha. The nature of this chanting is the offering up of the mind and the prostration of the body to something higher. This higher ideal is not a being, but rather a state of being: enlightenment. It is a myth that Buddhists worship Buddha. They look to him as a leader, more of an example than a personification of judgment and the resulting punishment or reward. Following the chants, there is a type of sermon made by the Abbot, though the Sangha are encouraged to â€Å"turn inward† while listening. The words are not to be taken at face value, but to be seen as portals beyond which greater meaning can be found. The Sangha meditates during this time, and after a short period the Abbot falls silent. Within the Zendo, not a sound can be heard. The remote location of the temple becomes a notable positive at this point, as the only noise from outside is the rather soothing rush of the wind in the trees. The meditation lasts almost an hour and a half, after which Abbot Bai Tue invites anyone with questions related to the temple in particular or the Buddhist practice in general to stay and talk. Though I am not the only person to remain once the meditation is over, it quickly becomes clear that I am the only visitor to the temple this morning. The Abbot is more than willing to provide answers for me, though he does not lead me in my interview at all. Even now, the search is a personal one. He speaks only when a question is posed, and his responses are concise and to-the-point. As stated in the introduction, the comparisons to be made between the religions are mostly structural. Both Protestants and Buddhists come together to practice. They begin with acts of participation, with songs in the Protestant church and chants in the Buddhist temple. Then a leader takes control of the service and gives the congregation or the Sangha what they cannot receive anywhere else. But even in these similarities, there are intrinsic differences. Mr. Scouten tells me he sings in order to show his â€Å"gratitude and love for the Lord. † According to Abbot Bai Tue, the chants have a different purpose; they â€Å"prepare the mind for meditation. † It would seem that the Protestant songs are sung for God, while the Buddhist chants are done for personal preparations. When the sermon begins, the Protestants are listening closely to each word spoken, and vocal responses are encouraged. In the Buddhist temple, the sermon is meant only to set the stage, and such responses are discouraged. These differences point to a fundamental contrast between the two religions. The Protestant faith is founded on the concept of propagation, and the practitioners of the faith take great pride in aiding that propagation. Diametrically, the Buddhist faith is about looking inward and finding peace within oneself. Bibliography Scouten, Tobias. Personal Interview. 18 February 2007. Tue, Bai. Personal Interview. 24 February 2007. How to cite Buddhist protestant, Papers

Walk in Clinic free essay sample

Many of these are because of a strong need for a more comprehensive range of health services, the increasing complexity of identifiable disease and treatment patterns and the fact that more people today than ever before are demanding high-quality medical care. This act was a great challenge to the modern clinics which are dependent for its day-to-day operation on an accurate, rapid and efficient information flow. The solution is to develop an integrated clinical database to help meet the information processing needs of the clinic in an optimal way. A major problem was the lack of an appropriate clinic database design methodology which was the issue we faced initially as we were working on a hypothetical company, but we had in our minds what are the common walk-in clinic issues these days and how would our group want the database to be designed and implemented if we were running the walk-in clinic. By definition a walk in clinic is â€Å"A facility, often associated with a hospital or medical school that is devoted to the diagnosis and care of outpatients†. There are no appointments needed unless assigned by the doctor on a prior visit according to the patient’s medical needs. The effectiveness of databases derives from one single, comprehensive database much of the information relevant to a variety of organizational purposes may be obtained. In a health care organization the database may be used by walk in clinic for patient care recording, for monitoring of patient status, and for treatment advice; it can also be used by researchers in assessing the effectiveness of clinical procedures and drugs. The fact that data are shared promotes consistency. The database we are developing can be defined as a computer-based communications and data processing system which receives, transmits, stores, processes and displays information relevant to the needs of the clinic; that is, information on patient management and patient administration, as well as organizational information concerning the management and running of the clinic and information concerning laboratory and the schedule of employees. Description of the company The walk in clinic receives numerous patients a day with different requirements depending on their health needs. As the walk in clinic is open to serve all patients who walk in through the entrance, the need for a database management system becomes dire. The principal goal of the clinic’s database system can be defined as an information system which acts as the timely delivery of relevant needed information to the appropriate users in order to improve medical care. We identified the objectives of the our database as follows (a) Maintenance of clinically relevant, readily accessible medical data for each patient; (b) Satisfaction of the necessary administrative data for each patient; (c) Satisfaction of the communication needs of the hospital between different departments such as laboratory, administration and doctors information in terms of speed, accuracy and efficiency; Problems Difficulties in keeping a track of patients. Unauthorized Access Confidentiality of patient data. Duplication of records Decentralized control of the system. Difficulty keeping a track of employees. Services and laboratory tests rendered to patients. Appointments cannot be managed systematically. Updating existing data. Justification A DBMS would help the clinic in numerous ways ranging from keeping a track record of the patients, there personal contact information and health details to be stored into the clinic database system. Thus ensuring that, a returning patient’s file would be easy to access and quick. The DBMS at the clinic would also further help in assisting managing the staff and nurse’s on hand. Other than that it shows the current appointments, and the treatments and services offered by the clinic. The DBMS at the walk in clinic also helps in keeping a record of the doctors and the nurses on duty, and the doctors and nurses on call. The DBMS would also help the clinic of getting rid of redundancies and inconsistencies, another reason for using DBMS is that in conventional systems, availability of information is often poor since it is difficult to obtain information that the existing systems were not designed for. Through a DBMS the information can be accessed and retrieved easily as now all the information is centralized. One of the major reasons for using DBMS in walk in clinic is the security of information which cannot be enforced in a conventional system. This is a major requirement as there is a lot of confidential information about patient which needs to be secured. Another justification of using DBMS in this type of environment is the flexibility of DBMS which is not possible in a conventional system e. g. patient taking a specific treatment switches to an alternate treatment, it is easier to edit the data as all of the information is linked through relationships. We do not need to edit the data everywhere. Description of Database and Application Design In order to design application, we have to make sure that the database model is normalized. Let’s have a look at the flow chart diagram before designing a database. By looking at the flow diagram above we can see that there are s even entities required in order to operate the database system accordingly to meet our specified criteria. We created one sample query based on total visits per month and the details of the visit such as, who visited, what were the diagnoses, what are the services implemented and their charges. This query help to generate the report in order to calculate the total charges per month and the sub total at the end of the report. Database Application Utilization: As soon the application is utilized, it requires a password in order to access the database. The permission would be granted according to employee’s position and level access designated so they can do their duty but can not add or update the data they are not permitted. This secures the database management system and also helps the organization to keep customers record confidential. As we move forward after inserting the user name and password, the database will show the switchboard where administrator (employee) can click and run the application they want, such as patient visit form where it allows employee to register a visitation for customers and also book an appointment if they need any. Database Administration Issues One of the top issues of the administration is the accessibility of computer hardware. In the case of walk in clinic there will be only one entry level administrator at a time based on employee schedule. In order to provide security in depth, the administration username and password would be assigning to each administrator and in scenario of having human error we would be able to see who the employee was on that time and also be able to know the detailed actions applied by asking an employee in course of processing any entry. The confidentiality is still highest priority concern which would be resolve through the accessibility of permitted data by recognizing an authenticated user to it. One of the client’s concerns is the time efficient system or in other words easy and fast way to process entries, which is definitely getting resolved by this designed database system. The database system is allowing administrator to enter visit and appointment information in a same form which means they do not have to open a separate form in order to do both entries. Reports are the next factor which can definitely be designed as per client’s requirement and as it has mentioned above that to provide a sample look we created a query based report as per visit record in a monthly basis and the alculation per service charges of those visits. It also provides the employee schedule. Designing a large, complex, so that they satisfy established specifications is generally a difficult task. This is mainly due to the large number of parts, the interrelationships involved. Conclusion A major problem in the task of designing a database for the clinic has been the lack of an approp riate database as we mentioned earlier. The design methodology that we developed should help overcome some of the difficulties and meet the database requirements in an optimal way. The walk in clinic in this case was regarded as the major systemunder study. The database divides the functions of clinic into smaller partitions which are easier to handle and which simplify the procedures and the functions in a walk in clinic. This database can be successfully implemented in a walk in clinic. The strength of this database we developed is that with some modifications in the design and the relationships can be made according to the user specified requirements.

Thames Valley Police Poster textual analysis Essay Example

Thames Valley Police Poster textual analysis Essay The Second advertising campaign was issued in 2006/2007 by the origination Trident who produces posters to prevent gun crime. Trident work closely with the charity crime stoppers which help to solve a numerous amount offences across the United Kingdom, furthermore the metropolitan police are also working in support. Project trident positively have more supporting organizations such as connected, CSV, blink, NHS, child line, CSEF, outside chance and calling the shots. Finally the notorious underground group RollDeep are behind the campaign. The audience of the poster is directed at the eleven to nineteen year old teenagers living in London. The purpose of the image is to emphasize the reality of guns and life and connote the devastating consequences. It encourages and shocks the audience to prevent them from being gun men of the upcoming generation. However the image is also used to emphasize the issues to the rest of the population keeping them aware of the ongoing and horrific problem. At the center of the poster there lies a dead a body which clearly expresses the point and shock value of gun crime. We will write a custom essay sample on Thames Valley Police Poster textual analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Thames Valley Police Poster textual analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Thames Valley Police Poster textual analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer As it is in the center of the poster it conveys typical conventions and personifies the message. This is used to visual highlight the consequences of guns which can be read effortlessly by the target audience. The white door shutting show that this is the end of the road along with no other presence suggests it is a lonely way to pass on. The closed black front door furthermore gives connotations of sadness and depression and emphasizes there is no going back. The amount of lockers helps to portray the scale of the situation, showing evidence that many deaths have occurred. A clock is situated on the wall to suggest there is still time to act upon your actions, on the other hand a fly killer is also located on the wall which represents the terrible realism and message that encourages the audience to not fall into the trap. Overall the main colour of the poster is white which signifies purity in the teenagers life and reflects his innocence. This creates the shocking message that it can happen to you, your friends or your family which gives it a personal tone and connection to the audience. Trident logo is written with a graffiti styled first letter witch appeals to teenagers, the rest is bold to give a more serious and formal aspect. The colour of the logo is white and the background is black, this contrast provides it to stand out and glue in the viewers mind. The text at the bottom reads carrying a gun can get you into the coolest places this strongly contrasts with the image and fore fills its purpose to stop teenagers possessing guns. This text is at the bottom of the poster in a conventional place that is in a formal and important font to personify the serious tone. More conventional aspects of the poster are the crime stoppers help line number, metropolitan police logo and website in the bottom right corner, with the aim of equally present vital information. Overall the poster connotes that guns can have a life changing effect to your life along with others and illustrates this well to its intended audience.

Substituting Baking Powder and Baking Soda

Substituting Baking Powder and Baking Soda Holiday baking can be more of a challenge if you discover all your baking soda got used up for baking soda volcanoes and invisible ink. If you have baking powder, it will save you a trip to the store because you can use it in place of baking soda. If your problem is being out of baking powder, you can make your own using baking soda and cream of tartar. Heres how to make the substitutions: Using Baking Powder Instead of Baking Soda You need to use 2 to 3 times more baking powder than baking soda. The extra ingredients in the baking powder will have an effect on the taste of whatever you are making, but this isnt necessarily bad.Ideally, triple the amount of baking soda to equal the amount of baking powder. So, if the recipe called for 1 tsp baking soda, you would use 3 tsp baking powder.Another option is to  use twice the amount of baking powder as baking soda (add 2 tsp of baking powder if the recipe calls for 1 tsp baking soda), then omit the salt (which adds flavor but also affects rising in some recipes). Making Baking Powder You need baking soda and cream of tartar to make baking powder.Mix 2 parts cream of tartar with 1 part baking soda. For example, mix 2 tsp cream of tartar with 1 tsp baking soda.Use the amount of baking powder called for by the recipe. No matter how much homemade baking powder you made, if the recipe calls for 1-1/2 tsp, add exactly 1-1/2 tsp of your mixture.Cream of tartar is used to increase the acidity of a mixture. So, you cant switch baking soda for baking powder. You can switch baking powder for baking soda, just expect the flavor to change a little. If you interested in understanding more about cooking chemistry, you may be interested to learn why copper bowls are better for whipping egg whites or the real reason eating a big turkey dinner makes you feel like taking a nap.

Quantative Methods Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Quantative Methods - Research Paper Example berg poll to study the music piracy in the US, and a sample of N = 1650 with a proportion sample of n = 839 representing a variable group of ages 12 to 17 and 811 representing sample = 811 (Duhigg, 2006). A sampling error which is the difference in population and the results indicated in the sample, E =  ± 3% (Ron Larson, 2015). The population selected to participate on the survey was 4466 and the respondent had to respond using internet, that’s an indication that the data left out a good proportion of candidates who could have qualified but did have internet access thus an avenue of biasness. Only 43% of the selected sample responded indicating that the survey had a poor turn-out thus the data can be biased. The questionnaire was mainly qualitative and from the data we the sponsors can use to lobby more funds to fight copy-wrongs in the US, media can use it to create awareness and the legal fraternity can use it to gauge the level of biting teeth the copyright laws in curbi ng the menace. A random survey was conducted in the US to evaluate the president’s image in relation to how he manages the government effectively. A sample N= 1015 was interviewed on telephone with a population proportion samples of 50% both on cellphones and landline with sampling error  ± 4% at 95% CI (Newport, 2015). The study focus on adults aged 18 and above, the survey does not indicate the number of the population sample selected and only gives the sample that qualified to be tested. The data can be biased as it did not cater the adults who don’t have telephone access, according to Pew Research Center (Pew Research Center, 2014), 10% of US adults of 18 years and older don’t have access to telephone and 40% of homes in the US don’t have access of landline (Channick, 2014). Further the respondent answering questions can be of below 18 years as there is no way to verify the age of the respondent thus biasness (Waters, 2011). The data was qualitative, media can use the data in

Future Technology - Free Energy Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Future Technology - Free Energy - Research Paper Example The increase in human population has not only increased demand for commodities but has also mechanized production of most commodities such as eatables. Nowadays it is very common to find totally mechanized farms and factories. Thus it is obvious that the sector most affected by this phenomenon is the energy sectors. The high demand due to increase in population and increase in mechanization of human life has exerted very high strain on these non renewable resources of energy. The oil supply of the world is dwindling throughout. It is expected that humans would completely run out of this source of energy in a few more decades. This high demand for energy has created chaos in the modern world. There have been millions of lives lost in the war for oil and if the current crisis continues worse is yet to come. In this scenario the world has to find new sources of energy which can be distributed without cost to the entire world. Only such a massive source of energy can fulfill the current needs of energy and contain the crises that stems from it. The question thus arises that what could be such a source of energy which fulfills all needs of human race and that too without be expensive. The usual answer is nuclear energy. The perception that nuclear energy is totally free is very false. First of all uranium is the basic fuel used for nuclear power plants. This fuel like other non renewable resources is an element found from earth and is thus limited in supply. This limit also makes it one of the most expensive elements in the world. Nuclear energy can be every damaging due to disposal of nuclear waste. Thus we can say that environmental costs of nuclear energy are very high. The only feasible option is thus solar energy. This form of energy is the core energy which is behind the formation of life in the world. Everything that we see around us is because of solar energy. The crops use this energy to grow and also with the photosynthesis process

English Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

English - Essay Example Manalansan IV. He is an Anthropologist specializing in Asian American Studies, Latin American, and Caribbean studies, at the University of Illinois. He is also an author, who has written on topics such as gender, and food. One of his works on food is the â€Å"Prairescapes: Mapping food, loss, and longing.† In this article, Manalansan also depicts food as playing different roles from that of human survival. In this paper, I will use these two works to enforce food as a powerful social tool, with special social functions. Many people overlook the other functions of food due to lack of knowledge. Charles Johnson’s â€Å"Dr. King’s Refrigerator,† is a fictional story of one Martin Luther King, Jr. He is busy looking for a theme for his Sunday sermon when he suddenly feels hungry and heads to his refrigerator for a snack. He finds food that prepared by his wife for her visitors the next morning. Seeing a variety of food, King suddenly starts making all sorts o f connections with this food. The foods are from different world regions, and he is fascinated at how this food connected him to these world regions. The connection he feels is a pure interaction of Buddhism in the ideals of the Baptists. Charles Johnson writes, â€Å"Then he slowly put the apple down, feeling not so much hunger now as a profound indebtedness and thanksgiving- to everyone and everything in Creation† (Johnson 3). This also portrays Charles Johnson’s writing style as unique. He leaves the readers with pictures in the mind. The quote also brings out the fusion of religions, in this case, Buddhism and Baptist. The appreciation of nature and the belief that nature indirectly joins humans is a Buddhism notion that is felt by a Baptist preacher. Charles John has widely employed symbolism to point out the other roles that food plays, He uses food to symbolize the cultures and the people from where they were grown. Johnson writes, â€Å"All of human culture, h istory, and civilization laid unscrolled at his feet, and he had only to step into his kitchen to discover it. He looked around the disheveled room, and he saw in each succulent fruit, each slice of bread, and each grain of rice a fragile, inescapable network of mutuality in which all earthly creatures were codependent, integrated, and tied in a single garment of destiny† (Johnson 3). Here, Johnson tries to emphasize that people should adopt a new way of perceiving at nature as human beings connect through nature. One does not have to be physically present in France in order to experience their culture. We can experience other people’s cultures, innovations, and civilization, by simply owning their products and eating their food. This shows that human beings are closer to each other than they think. Johnson’s work has allowed for philosophy and literature to integrate. His passages are philosophical as well as epistemological. He makes readers curious and to wond er what the story drives to. He infuses his philosophical ideas in the well-developed characters. He incorporates reality with fantasy, under the guidance of philosophy. For instance, he argues,â€Å"When we get up in the morning, we go into the bathroom where we reach for a sponge provided for us by a Pacific Islander. We reach for soap created by a Frenchman. The towel is provided by a Turk. Before we leave for our jobs, we are beholden to more than half the world†

Analysis Of Human Resource And Scientific Management Management Essay

Analysis Of Human Resource And Scientific Management Management Essay Scientific management is put forward by Taylor in last century. There is no doubt that the scientific once greatly changed the world. It is highly due to this kind of management that the productivity is able to times increase. Plenty of products and services are produced in relative high efficiency, which dramatically enhance the living standard of people. However, tough it still functions well in some industry such as manufactory, it is not quite proper in current business environment. Staffs now require more respects and dignities and the mere money motivation is not enough to effectively motivate staffs to spare no effort in working. Therefore, a new concept of human relations management which concentrates more on human nature rather than machinery characteristics is high valued currently. In effect, this kind of human relations management is widely used instead of scientific management in most great companies even in some companies belong to manufactory industry. This essay is divided into three parts. In the first part, the theory of scientific management and human relations management are illustrated. In the second part, some real examples such as UPS, McDonald, and Google are used to concrete demonstrate the implement of these two theories in real world. The finally is the analysis of these two theories in current business environment. Main Body One: The theory of scientific management and human relations management. The publication of The Principles of Scientific Management which is written by Frederick Winslow Taylor marks the birth of scientific management. This book introduces the best approach to engage business works via scientific measures in that time of around 1911. (Frederick Taylor and Scientific Management, 2012) It successfully converts management to science. In the perspective of Taylor, the primary object of management is to maximize the profits of both employees and employers. The only approach to realize this object is to enhance labor productivity. (Frederick W. Taylor: Master of Scientific Management. 2012)That is to say, each worker should make their determination to do work as much as possible every day. However, the majority of workers in effect consciously do exactly the opposite. Taylor considers the hidden reasons as the following three. First, a false thought that a full-speed operation will cause plenty of workers unemployed and further cause huge damages to the entire industry is widely spread among workers. Second, there are too many defects on management systems. They directly lead workers take a defense measure of demonization in order to protect their best interests. Third, business is also conducted according to personal experiences, which is definitely in a low efficiency. Therefore, Taylor reckons the scientific management has to take the place of experience principles. Scientific management is set on the base of the accordance of profits of the labor and the capital. He requires each member in the corporation should fully perform the highest efficiency in order to achieve the biggest production and realize the maximum profits. The significant content of scientific management is chiefly divided into two aspects which are operations management and organization management. The operations management includes four parts. First, the first class workers should be selected for operations. In the perspective of Taylor, each individual possesses a distinct talent and capacity. They all potentially become first-class workers as long as suitable positions are available.(Bell, 2012) After careful observation, Taylor finds that the main feature that differs one from the other is willpower rather than intelligence. Second is the practice of work quota. Originally, the workload for a worker is highly decided by the experience of manager. It obviously lacks scientific foundation. Taylor advocates a scientific measure to identify labor work of an individual. That is to select proper and skillful worker and research their labor time and workload in order to set up a reasonable daily workload. This daily workload is so called work quota. Third is the scientific working measure. A reasonable mixture of operational approaches, serviceable tools, labor time, and leisure time should be paid much attention on(Taylor, 1911). Basing on Taylors view, the scientific management means the substitution of scientific knowledge for personal experiences. One of the key measures is to execute standardized management which includes tool standardization, standard operation, standardization of labor movements, and so forth. Only when the standardization is employed, workers are able to use more effective tools and adapt more effective working measures in order to achieve the maximum labor productivity. (Taylor, 1911)Fourth is the implement of incentive salary system. It contains three parts. Above of all, the labor time should be carefully observed and analyzed in order to identify rate of wage. What follows is the differential piece-rate system. That is to say, rate of wage of workers is decided according to the accompli shment of quota. If what a worker real does reaches or even surpasses the quota, a higher rate of wage is offered in order to encourage him. If not, a reduced rate of wage is offered. What is more, sometimes, a yellow card which stands for warning and a punishment of dismissal are employed to motivate workers. At length, an immediate remuneration should be paid. Rewards have to be provided closely after the finish of established work quota. It will dramatically motivate the workers in production and overcame the workers social loafing phenomenon. Another significant aspect of scientific management is organization management. On one hand, the planning functions and executive functions should be separated. Taylor considers that the labor productivity is not only influenced by labor attitude, labor quota, operational measures, and salary systems but also affected by the organization and conduction of administrative staffs. Therefore, Taylor advocates clearly separate planning apart from executives. (Taylor, 1911) A specially department of planning should be established. The chief task of it is to conduct researches in order to obtain evidences of setting the reasonable work quota and operation measures. On the other hand, functional foremanship is essential. System of functional foreman forms according to specific operation processes and a further divided labor. Taylor advocates set eight foremen (Salimath, 2011) instead of original one foreman. Each foreman is expected merely to bear one management function in order to better e ducate and supervise workers to accomplish their work, which is significant to achieve a high production rate. Human relations Management means the conversation management between the enterprise and the employees. This kind of conversation is always flexible, motivate, and not mandatory. The extent of satisfactory and the tendency of supporting the realization of other management objects enhance if human relations management is adapted. The chief duties for managers in human relations management are on one hand to coordinate the relationship between the staffs and the corporation and the relations among staffs; on the other hand to guide to establish a positive and active working environment. The objects of human relations management are chiefly three. First is to coordinate and improve the internal interpersonal relationship in a particular corporation. Whether the general object of the corporation is able to realize or not is highly due to the accordance of personal objects and corporation objects. When an interaction, interwork, mutual support relationship forms, a relative brilliant business psychology atmosphere is created, which definitely will enhance the working efficiency and become the powerful motive power of corporation development. Second, intrinsic value of staffs should be established. The corporation value is acknowledged and shared by the majority of staffs. It is the common belief and the standard to distinguish right from the wrong. The corporation value is gradually formed by a long term education and cultivation. Therefore, the human relationships management continuously cultivates all staffs to hold the common value and perceptions which will further influence the decisions of corporation operation, leadership style, and the entire manner of work for all staffs. Third is an increased powerful cohesion. Each staff will truly reckons himself belong to his company internally. Then staffs will unconsciously pay more attention on the honor, reputations, and interests of the corporation. All in all, the human relations managements concentrate on three aspects: the positive future which is generally identified by its staffs, the constraint system of perfect motivation, and soul contract. Compared with Taylors scientific management, human relations management is more hommization. Main Body Two: The real world examples that relate to scientific management and human relations management. There are two typical real examples in current business environment that Taylors scientific management applies. They are the United Parcel Service and the MacDonald. United Parcel Service hires more than 150 thousand of staffs. And there are about 9 million packages which are expected to transport to all states of the US and 180 (Soupata, 2009) other countries. Therefore, the administering authority of UPS has to systematically educate their staffs in order to achieve their business target of offering the fastest and most convenient delivers in the industry of mail transportation. Basing on the principle of scientific management, a systematic education for staffs will enhance the working efficiency as high as possible. The industrial engineers have carefully observed and analyzed the required time for each driving route. Besides, several standards are set on business activities such as transportation, pause, and delivering. In effect, these industrial engineers records the required time of nearly all possible activities that happens to a staff of UPS when he is in the work. Time for waiting the red light, time for transportation, time for ringing the buzzer, time for crossing the yard, time for going upstairs, time for breaks of drinking the coffee, and even time for the toilet are key data which are input into computers in order to calculate a specific time standard for each driver every day. Drivers have to strictly follow programs set by industrial engineers. If not, the daily task of delivering 130 pieces (Soupata, 2009) of packages will not be able to successfully accomplish. When these drivers drive close to dispatching stations, they loosen the safe belt, sound the horn, close the engine, pull up the emergency brake, and pour the transmission to first gear. These series of actions which are done for preparing leaving after delivering packages are closed related one another. Then the driver will slip to the ground from the driving cab with right arm tucking file folder, left hand grasping packages, and right hand holding the key to car. They take a look at the address written on the package and remember it in mind. A speed of 3 feet per second (Soupata, 2009)is necessary for a driver to fast go to the doors of houses where their clients live. The time of finding for the doorbell is even saved instead by a direct knock on the door. After the delivery, they have to finish the work of entering certain data and information of this deliver on the way back to their cars. Basing on a series of verbs that clearly show how exactly a driver of UPS performs in his work; the labor productivity is to the most degree enhanced. It is closely related to the chief issue of increasing labor productivity for scientific management. What is more, the research conducted by industrial engineers on time and the use of computer in management fully identify the UPS has successfully replace the traditional experiencing management to advanced scientific management. Another typical example of scientific management is McDonald which is the worlds biggest fast food company. It is highly due to the standardization principle of scientific management that McDonald is able to provide a high efficiency and convenient service which is generally view as one of the biggest competition advantages. Actually, McDonald Corporation has conducted a careful motion study to nearly all behaviors such as making hamburgers, frying potato chips, treating costumers, and cleaning tables advanced for the sake of determining the best way to conduct these behaviors. All standards are collected and edited in a handbook which is used to guide behaviors of managers and common staffs of each sub branch. The standards on supply of McDonald chiefly concentrate on four aspects. First, the process of making food is improved. Semi-finished products are heated or fried in high temperature, which reduces the production time of food. Second, the replenishment of drink is improved. Several kinds of beverage outlets are set in order to make sure certain quantity of drink flow to the bottle accurately without the nursing and waiting of working staffs. It definitely increases the speed of servicing for staffs. Third is to make overall managements. Business activities in the surrounding areas are referenced in order to accurately estimate peak crowd and prepare enough staffs advanced. Fourth is enhanced quality of food. Raw materials of McDonald are in the same and strict standard. All kinds of nutrition are scientifically matched. The standard of ordering chiefly concentrates on three aspects. Above of all, special staffs are expected to integrate the order, the collecting of cash and the supplement of food together. All middle steps of information transmitting are eliminated, which both saves the costs and enhances the service efficiency. (Bock, 2009) Besides, the menu is simple. Costumers time is to the biggest degree saved, which unconsciously increase the efficiency of making effective selections for consumers. In addition, several kinds of set meal are provided to enhance the efficiency and expand the sales. Apart from the establishment of all kinds of standards, McDonald always picks up the first class workers. When staffs enter McDonald, a systematically professional training is forced. They are taught to keep a good attitude of servicing. Smiles and a positive and active conversation to consumers are essential. Besides, all kinds of services such as holding a birthday party for children should be provided friendly. What is more essential is the immediate and accurate service, which causes a reduced time on waiting in the queue and getting food. The separation of planning from executives is also stressed by Taylor in his scientific management. On one hand, the planning of McDonald is conducted by corporation headquarters. Headquarters of McDonald is responsible for setting all detailed programs, rules, and regulations for all outlets spreading around the world. On the other hand, managers and common staffs of all sub branches of McDonald should follow the established standardization. It means no innovation is allowed in management and specific tasks. Professional education and training should also be strengthened in order to guarantee the accurate understanding and the thorough implement of rules and regulations. As to human relations management, Google Corporation is a brilliant example. As is known to all, Google is a great Internet company and more and more people are reliable to services provided by Google. Plenty of fresh ideas and services are put forward by Google continuously, which benefit costumer a lot and attract an enhanced quantity of talent people to work for Google. Besides wonderful services, the human relations management is also a significant factor that makes Google world famous. The work tasks in Google are tough and challenging and staffs of Google are almost so called talents. Therefore, they require a better working environment and Google cleverly satisfies them. In Google Corporation, there is no sign of traditional scientific management and even no sign of work. In effect, some people are in delightful and casual conversations, some people are drinking coffee, while some people are even playing table tennis. There seems no one actually on the work which is totally unacceptable according to scientific management. However, the free, innovational, and democratic working atmosphere also creates a high efficiency and a striking productivity. It is so called human relations management. Staffs of Google satisfy with the relaxed external atmosphere. The fully respect of their labor dramatically and effectively motivate them to do their best to accomplish their working objectives. Main Body Three: The analysis of these two theories in current business environment. In my analysis, the Taylors scientific management causes some consideration of optimization of labor for the society. This kind of consideration always continues since then. In current business environment, the human relations management which concentrates more on staffs is more proper. The satisfactory of employees are foundations and preconditions of the satisfactory of customers. The human relations management in human management sets a respect of personal independence and personal dignity (Ratha, 2011) as the precondition of management. The cohesion for staffs to their company is enhanced due to the decentralization of management. The potential capacity, activity, and spirit of innovation are inspired internally deeply in each employee. This truly comfortable mood will unconsciously and continuously encourage staffs to initiate new and excellent performances. Companies that adapts the human relations management in human management are more likely to achieve compared advantages in the aspect of human resource management, which will to a large degree make them achieve a great power in the current bitter market competition. Compared with traditional so called scientific management, human relations management requires more high quality and quick witted staffs. Human relations management focuses on a kind of intelligence operation model rather than an assembly line mode which praised highly by Taylor. Both managers and common staffs are required to get a well knowledge on modern science and master various kinds of techniques in order to be capable to handle with tough problems dependently in the business environment of information. That is to say, staffs under human relations management should have knowledge, master information, adapt to external environment, and be awarded certain power. Both scientific management and human relations management stress on the significant of education and knowledge. However, human relations management concentrates more on an active learning rather than passive learning forced by managers according to scientific management.( Rose,2005) New skills are expected to be effectiv ely learned by staffs actively in order to successfully accomplish certain tough tasks. What is more, intersect education will make staffs under human relations management possess a broad technical ability which is of great use on taking advantages of open information environment. In effect, the core and most precious treasures are skillful staffs themselves for companies which employ human relations management. In addition, human relations management also emphasize on effective motivations. However, compared to scientific management, this kind of motivation is more uneconomic. That is to say, compared with simple money motivation, staffs in human relations management pay more attention on equal treat, mutual respect, awarded power of employing their own wisdom on work, and the self-fulfilling sense of accomplishment. These will bring more satisfaction than merely money brings them. Human relations management indeed has lots of advantages. However, it is not right to one-sided say he human relations management is more proper in current business environment compared to scientific management. In effect, in most companies belong to manufactory industry; the scientific management is widely employed especially in developing or less developed countries where the mechanization is not quite advanced.(Myers, 2011) To some degree, in the perspective of scientific management, staffs are more considered as machines which have a reduced decision-making power. And in the perspective of human relations management, staffs are considered as people who are fully respected. What is more, theoretically, a reduced profit is created by mere human labor compared with innovation and technology advance. Therefore, scientific management will be replaced by human relations management gradually. Conclusion: This essay has carefully introduced the two typical theories which are currently widely employed in todays business environment. They are respectively the scientific management and human relations management. Real examples of UPS and McDonald are employed in order to clearly demonstrate the machinery behaviors for staffs working under this kind of scientific management. No self discovery is available in those companies and each one is able to be replaced. All these are quite easily to arouse negative motions of staffs even though they are forced to hang a smile on their face when services are provided. However, the Google who adapts the human relations management represents the model of future enterprises. Human relations management makes it easy to display the strengths without constraints, which is one of the significant reasons that lead Google gain a wide reputation. As the technology the economic develops, the human relations management will be adapted by more companies and the implement of Taylors management will be reduced.

Baldwin and The Little Rock Nine Essay -- James Baldwin

The Little Rock Nine: Weaving the Tapestry of American History Throughout his literature, James Baldwin discusses the issues of racial inequality within America and discusses reasons for the conflicts between races, proposing his solutions to the problems. One of the most important and recurring motifs between his works is the idea of history; the history of whites in western society and its origin in European thinking and the history of the American Negro, whose history is just as American as his white counterpart’s. The importance of these histories as being one combined â€Å"American history† is integral to the healing process between the two races. The 1954 Brown v. Board of Education Supreme Court decision is a landmark event for blacks and whites alike, and the events following three years later in Little Rock, Arkansas mark the beginning of a long journey to fulfill the promise of equal education made by the Supreme Court. The 1957 events in Little Rock quickly became the nationally covered story of the Little Rock Nine, a legacy that still lives on today despite a James Baldwin prediction made in his essay â€Å"Take Me to the Water.† Specifically, nine African-American students were given permission by the Little Rock school board to attend Central High School, one of the nation’s top 40 high schools, integrating a formally all-white campus. During the initial weeks, these students were prevented from entering the school by US military summoned by the Arkansas governor. The Little Rock case drew immediate media attention and became a nationwide symbol of the civil rights movement. The story of the Little Rock Nine embodies James Baldwin’s arguments and observations regarding necessity of education as a crucial step to achievin... ... to Enter Topeka School.† New York Times 29 Aug. 1958: 11. Calloway-Thomas, Carolyn, and Thurmon Garner. â€Å"Daisy Bates and the Little Rock School Crisis: Forging the Way.† Journal of Black Studies 26, 5 Special Issue: The Voices of African American Women in the Civil Rights Movement. May, 1996: 616-628. JSTOR. 10 April 2004 Figures of the Civil Rights Movement. Videocassette. Princeton, 1999. Fine, Benjamin. â€Å"Little Rock Faces Showdown Today Over Integration.† New York Times 7 Sept. 1957: 1. ---. â€Å"Little Rock Told To Integrate Despite Militia.† New York Times 4 Sept. 1957: 1. ---. â€Å"Students Unhurt.† New York Times 24 Sept. 1957: 1. United States. â€Å"Commission on Civil Rights. School Desegregation in Little Rock, Arkansas June 1977.† Washington, D.C. June 1977. Baldwin and The Little Rock Nine Essay -- James Baldwin The Little Rock Nine: Weaving the Tapestry of American History Throughout his literature, James Baldwin discusses the issues of racial inequality within America and discusses reasons for the conflicts between races, proposing his solutions to the problems. One of the most important and recurring motifs between his works is the idea of history; the history of whites in western society and its origin in European thinking and the history of the American Negro, whose history is just as American as his white counterpart’s. The importance of these histories as being one combined â€Å"American history† is integral to the healing process between the two races. The 1954 Brown v. Board of Education Supreme Court decision is a landmark event for blacks and whites alike, and the events following three years later in Little Rock, Arkansas mark the beginning of a long journey to fulfill the promise of equal education made by the Supreme Court. The 1957 events in Little Rock quickly became the nationally covered story of the Little Rock Nine, a legacy that still lives on today despite a James Baldwin prediction made in his essay â€Å"Take Me to the Water.† Specifically, nine African-American students were given permission by the Little Rock school board to attend Central High School, one of the nation’s top 40 high schools, integrating a formally all-white campus. During the initial weeks, these students were prevented from entering the school by US military summoned by the Arkansas governor. The Little Rock case drew immediate media attention and became a nationwide symbol of the civil rights movement. The story of the Little Rock Nine embodies James Baldwin’s arguments and observations regarding necessity of education as a crucial step to achievin... ... to Enter Topeka School.† New York Times 29 Aug. 1958: 11. Calloway-Thomas, Carolyn, and Thurmon Garner. â€Å"Daisy Bates and the Little Rock School Crisis: Forging the Way.† Journal of Black Studies 26, 5 Special Issue: The Voices of African American Women in the Civil Rights Movement. May, 1996: 616-628. JSTOR. 10 April 2004 Figures of the Civil Rights Movement. Videocassette. Princeton, 1999. Fine, Benjamin. â€Å"Little Rock Faces Showdown Today Over Integration.† New York Times 7 Sept. 1957: 1. ---. â€Å"Little Rock Told To Integrate Despite Militia.† New York Times 4 Sept. 1957: 1. ---. â€Å"Students Unhurt.† New York Times 24 Sept. 1957: 1. United States. â€Å"Commission on Civil Rights. School Desegregation in Little Rock, Arkansas June 1977.† Washington, D.C. June 1977.